Question 1

What properties must a substance possess in order to serve as the genetic material? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  It must consist of many different types of subunits in order to code for the large variety of characteristics of a living organism.
B)  It must be able to store information that pertains to the development,structure,and metabolic activities of the cell or organism.
C)  It must be stable,so that it can be replicated with high accuracy during cell division and be transmitted from generation to generation.
D)  It must be able to catalyze chemical reactions at very high speeds in order to direct the metabolic activities of the cell.
E)  It must be able to undergo rare changes,called mutations,that provide the genetic variability required for evolution to occur.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following polypeptide chains would be sequenced from the mRNA code AGG-GAG-CCC?

Accepted Answer

A)  arginine - glutamate - proline
B)  serine - leucine - proline
C)  arginine - glutamate - alanine
D)  serine - aspartate - prolineE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Which is NOT true about the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most amino acids have only one codon.
B)  It is composed of triplet codes.
C)  Each codon consists of three bases.
D)  The groundwork for cracking the code began with the use of synthetic RNA.
E)  It contains start and stop codons as instructions.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Which section of the pre-mRNA contains the protein-coding regions?

Accepted Answer

A)  exons
B)  introns
C)  The entire pre-mRNA contains protein-coding regions.
D)  The pre-mRNA does not code for proteins at all.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Transcription begins when

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation factors assemble ribosomal subunits,mRNA,and initiator tRNA.
B)  RNA polymerase comes to a stop sequence.
C)  RNA polymerase binds to a region of DNA called the promoter.
D)  new nucleotides are added to an existing strand of nucleotides.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

According to Watson and Crick's model,DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides that are antiparallel.What does this mean? What evidence supports the antiparallel nature of the strands?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary.DNA consists of two str...

Question 7

Transformation of bacteria was shown to occur when ________ bacteria were injected into mice and the mice ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  live S strain; died
B)  live R strain; didn't die
C)  live S and R strain; died
D)  live R strain and dead S strain; died
E)  live S strain and dead R strain; didn't dieF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

You come across an article on alien nucleic acid structure.The article states that researchers have discovered a new single-ring nucleotide.Based on your knowledge of nucleic acids here on Earth,which of the following characteristics might apply to this new nucleotide? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The new nucleotide is probably a purine.
B)  The new nucleotide is probably a pyramidine.
C)  The new nucleotide may be similar to cytosine.
D)  The new nucleotide may be similar to guanine.
E)  The new nucleotide may be similar to uracil.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which statement is NOT true about DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  It proceeds in a 5'-to-3' direction only.
B)  One strand of new DNA is replicated faster than the other strand at the replication fork.
C)  DNA can only replicate at one point on a chromosome at one time.
D)  It occurs more rapidly in bacteria than in eukaryotes.
E)  DNA replication is considered semiconservative because there is always an old strand acting as a template for a new strand.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

While many body cells only replicate 40 to 60 times,cells that produce certain white blood cells may replicate many more times.It is,therefore,crucial that proofreading and repair occur so that the transfer of biological information is accurate.On the other hand,absolute accuracy in replication of biological information would cancel out mutations that are the raw material of evolution.Why is accuracy in transcription and translation less critical than accuracy in gene replication?

Accepted Answer

A mutation in a gene will be passed down to future generations of the cell and,in some instances,to future generations of organisms.If the mutation is detrimental,then all cells and/or organisms receiving the mutation will be adversely affected.If errors occur in transcription and translation,the gene product (protein)may be altered and may even be nonfunctional.If the DNA is unaltered,however,with the next occurrence of transcription and translation,the protein would be normal.Therefore,the effect of errors in transcription and translation are limited to that particular event and not to future generations.Each gene can make many mRNAs which can make many proteins,so errors in a single mRNA or protein don't generally matter very much.

Question 11

During the elongation of a polypeptide chain,________ occurs when the mRNA moves to the next site on the ribosome to read the next codon.

Accepted Answer

A)  translocation
B)  transcription
C)  translation
D)  transferenceE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Growth at two replication forks arising from a single origin of replication produce a "bubble" as daughter DNA molecules form.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 13

Why was the X-ray diffraction photography of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins considered critical evidence in the study of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The photographs indicated that DNA has a double helix structure.
B)  The photographs showed equal numbers of purines and pyrimidines.
C)  The photographs showed the bases of DNA were held together by hydrogen bonds.
D)  The photographs revealed the structure of the deoxyribose sugar.
E)  The photographs showed the location of each adenine,guanine,cytosine,and thymine.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 14

In order for a new nucleotide to be joined to a growing nucleic acid,it must be linked to the phosphate group on the 5' end of the previous nucleotide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning ribosomes are true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Several ribosomes are often attached to and translating the same mRNA.
B)  Ribosomes join amino acids to form a polypeptide.
C)  Ribosomes have a binding site for mRNA and three binding sites for tRNA molecules.
D)  No protein synthesis within a cell would occur without ribosomes.
E)  All of the above statements are true.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C) E

Question 16

For translation to take place,which of the following does NOT need to be present?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  mRNA
C)  tRNA-amino acid complex
D)  rRNA
E)  ribosomeF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

A DNA molecule is considered antiparallel because the sugar-phosphate groups that are chained together to make each strand are oriented in opposite directions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following items relate specifically to purines? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotides with a single ring
B)  adenine
C)  cytosine
D)  nucleotides with a double ring
E)  guanineF) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Transfer RNA (tRNA)takes a message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that function as enzymes,catalyzing reactions during RNA splicing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Molecular Biology of the Gene

What properties must a substance possess in order to serve as the genetic material? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following polypeptide chains would be sequenced from the mRNA code AGG-GAG-CCC?

Correct Answer
verified

Which is NOT true about the genetic code?

Correct Answer
verified

Which section of the pre-mRNA contains the protein-coding regions?

Correct Answer
verified

Transcription begins when

Correct Answer
verified

According to Watson and Crick's model,DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides that are antiparallel.What does this mean? What evidence supports the antiparallel nature of the strands?

Correct Answer
verified
Answers may vary.DNA consists of two str...
View Answer

Transformation of bacteria was shown to occur when bacteria were injected into mice and the mice .

Correct Answer
verified

You come across an article on alien nucleic acid structure.The article states that researchers have discovered a new single-ring nucleotide.Based on your knowledge of nucleic acids here on Earth,which of the following characteristics might apply to this new nucleotide? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is NOT true about DNA replication?

Correct Answer
verified

During the elongation of a polypeptide chain,________ occurs when the mRNA moves to the next site on the ribosome to read the next codon.

Correct Answer
verified

Growth at two replication forks arising from a single origin of replication produce a "bubble" as daughter DNA molecules form.

Correct Answer
verified
True

Why was the X-ray diffraction photography of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins considered critical evidence in the study of DNA?

Correct Answer
verified

In order for a new nucleotide to be joined to a growing nucleic acid,it must be linked to the phosphate group on the 5' end of the previous nucleotide.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements concerning ribosomes are true?

Correct Answer
verified
E

For translation to take place,which of the following does NOT need to be present?

Correct Answer
verified

A DNA molecule is considered antiparallel because the sugar-phosphate groups that are chained together to make each strand are oriented in opposite directions.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following items relate specifically to purines? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Transfer RNA (tRNA)takes a message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Correct Answer
verified

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that function as enzymes,catalyzing reactions during RNA splicing.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Molecular Biology of the Gene

What properties must a substance possess in order to serve as the genetic material? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following polypeptide chains would be sequenced from the mRNA code AGG-GAG-CCC?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT true about the genetic code?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which section of the pre-mRNA contains the protein-coding regions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transcription begins when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Watson and Crick's model,DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides that are antiparallel.What does this mean? What evidence supports the antiparallel nature of the strands?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers may vary.DNA consists of two str...View AnswerShow Answer

Transformation of bacteria was shown to occur when ________ bacteria were injected into mice and the mice ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You come across an article on alien nucleic acid structure.The article states that researchers have discovered a new single-ring nucleotide.Based on your knowledge of nucleic acids here on Earth,which of the following characteristics might apply to this new nucleotide? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is NOT true about DNA replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the elongation of a polypeptide chain,________ occurs when the mRNA moves to the next site on the ribosome to read the next codon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth at two replication forks arising from a single origin of replication produce a "bubble" as daughter DNA molecules form.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Why was the X-ray diffraction photography of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins considered critical evidence in the study of DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order for a new nucleotide to be joined to a growing nucleic acid,it must be linked to the phosphate group on the 5' end of the previous nucleotide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning ribosomes are true?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

For translation to take place,which of the following does NOT need to be present?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A DNA molecule is considered antiparallel because the sugar-phosphate groups that are chained together to make each strand are oriented in opposite directions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following items relate specifically to purines? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA)takes a message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that function as enzymes,catalyzing reactions during RNA splicing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answers may vary.DNA consists of two str...
View Answer

Transformation of bacteria was shown to occur when bacteria were injected into mice and the mice .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
True

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
E

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified