Question 1

Watching the TV show Teletubbies is MOST likely to lead to imitation by child viewers if the:

Accepted Answer

A)   environment in which the Teletubbies live is simple and colorful.
B)   Teletubbies occasionally behave aggressively rather than cooperatively.
C)   Teletubbies speak using a normal adult voice.
D)   children perceive the Teletubbies as being similar to themselves.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Describe how social transmission of food preferences has been demonstrated in rats.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Discuss the ...

Question 3

What needs to happen in the brain for imitation to occur? How do mirror neurons achieve this?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: There must b...

Question 4

Correlational studies generally look for associations between familiarity with the content of commercials and drinking behavior. Such studies have shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)   this product placement is conditioning disguised as entertainment.
B)   greater exposure to alcohol advertising is correlated to a higher likeliness of drinking in young adults.
C)   it introduces young adults to the dangers of alcohol and promotes a deters behavior.
D)   if properly timed, advertisements serve to promote a positive behavior in young adults that is passed on with social situations.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Describe the four basic processes involved in how humans learn by copying according to Bandura's social learning theory.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Describe the...

Question 6

The inborn tendency to react emotionally to stimuli that indicate emotion in other members of one's species is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning.
B)   stimulus enhancement.
C)   imitation.
D)   emotional contagion.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

What has research shown regarding viewing violence in the media and aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Viewing violent media has little effect on aggressive behavior.
B)   Viewing violent media can reduce aggressive behavior.
C)   Viewing violent media can increase aggressive behavior.
D)   The results have been mostly inconclusive.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which statement is TRUE regarding violent entertainment and aggressive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   The rate of homicides increased after TV was introduced, even in countries where TV was banned.
B)   Level of arousal does not seem to play a role in the likelihood of a person behaving aggressively.
C)   Children who play violent video games behave more aggressively than children who play nonviolent video games.
D)   Children who watch the same violent TV show multiple times are more likely to behave aggressively than children who watch that same show only once.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

According to studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats, which brain area(s)  seem(s)  particularly important for learning of novel food preferences from demonstrator rats?

Accepted Answer

A)   the basal forebrain
B)   the basal forebrain and the cortex
C)   the hippocampus and the cortex
D)   the hippocampusE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

What is the two-action test? How can it be used to demonstrate whether true imitation is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Describe the...

Question 11

Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)   rats are more likely to eat a novel food if they smell the food on another rat's breath after observing the other rat eating the food.
B)   a novel food can become a preferred food if a rat observes another rat eating the food, even if the observer rat never smells the food.
C)   food preferences that are learned through observation are not passed down to subsequent generations.
D)   rats can learn to eat, but not to avoid, novel foods by observing another rat eating the food.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

It was observed that some birds in England were learning to puncture the tops of milk bottles to get the cream. One explanation was that the birds' attention was being drawn to the milk bottles by other birds that had discovered this "trick." Which phenomenon does this explanation demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning
B)   emotional contagion
C)   imitation
D)   stimulus enhancementE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Neurons in _____ respond when a bird hears a song and when it produces the song.

Accepted Answer

A)   the high vocal center (HV
C)   and the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (R
A)  
B)   Area X
C)   the basal ganglia
D)   the frontal cortexE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

One-year-old Callie observed her mother eating green beans by poking them with a fork and bringing them to her mouth. Callie picked up a fork, used her fingers to balance some beans on the fork, and brought them to her mouth. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   perspective taking.
B)   stimulus matching.
C)   emulation.
D)   true imitation.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Why is it difficult to predict how observations will affect future behavior?

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: There is no way to det...

Question 16

Describe how one can study the existence of mirror neurons in humans.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: Discuss a pr...

Question 17

A model of learning that consists of three basic phases that are song memorization, song practice, and song utilization is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   social learning.
B)   template model.
C)   social transition.
D)   classical conditioning.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

If one wanted to encourage 8-year-old Tina to read, who would be the BEST person to serve as a model?

Accepted Answer

A)   another 8-year-old girl
B)   an 8-year-old boy
C)   a teenage girl
D)   a teenage boyE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

An individual learns an emotional response after observing it in others. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   observational conditioning.
B)   stimulus enhancement.
C)   imitation.
D)   emotional contagion.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Give an example of something one seems to have learned through social (observational) learning. Explain why one thinks this involves social learning rather than other forms of learning.

Accepted Answer

Grading criteria: The example should be ...

Exam 11: Social Learning and Memory: Observing, Interacting, and Reenacting

Describe the four basic processes involved in how humans learn by copying according to Bandura's social learning theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: Describe the...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe how social transmission of food preferences has been demonstrated in rats.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: Discuss the ...View AnswerShow Answer

One-year-old Callie observed her mother eating green beans by poking them with a fork and bringing them to her mouth. Callie picked up a fork, used her fingers to balance some beans on the fork, and brought them to her mouth. This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What has research shown regarding viewing violence in the media and aggression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is TRUE regarding violent entertainment and aggressive behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the two-action test? How can it be used to demonstrate whether true imitation is occurring?

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: Describe the...View AnswerShow Answer

A model of learning that consists of three basic phases that are song memorization, song practice, and song utilization is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It was observed that some birds in England were learning to puncture the tops of milk bottles to get the cream. One explanation was that the birds' attention was being drawn to the milk bottles by other birds that had discovered this "trick." Which phenomenon does this explanation demonstrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe how one can study the existence of mirror neurons in humans.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: Discuss a pr...View AnswerShow Answer

Why is it difficult to predict how observations will affect future behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: There is no way to det...View AnswerShow Answer

Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Give an example of something one seems to have learned through social (observational) learning. Explain why one thinks this involves social learning rather than other forms of learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: The example should be ...View AnswerShow Answer

Correlational studies generally look for associations between familiarity with the content of commercials and drinking behavior. Such studies have shown that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats, which brain area(s) seem(s) particularly important for learning of novel food preferences from demonstrator rats?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual learns an emotional response after observing it in others. This is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If one wanted to encourage 8-year-old Tina to read, who would be the BEST person to serve as a model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Watching the TV show Teletubbies is MOST likely to lead to imitation by child viewers if the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurons in _____ respond when a bird hears a song and when it produces the song.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The inborn tendency to react emotionally to stimuli that indicate emotion in other members of one's species is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What needs to happen in the brain for imitation to occur? How do mirror neurons achieve this?

Correct AnswerverifiedGrading criteria: There must b...View AnswerShow Answer

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