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What is a pincer grasp?

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A pincer grasp is be...

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Cooing refers to


A) all possible sound combinations.
B) first syllables.
C) open-ended vowel sounds.
D) sounds made while sleeping.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Nesting toys are good for infants who use a palmar grasp.

A) True
B) False

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One thing that would NOT be helpful for language development in an infant classroom is


A) adults who speak face to face with babies.
B) a constant playing of the radio.
C) adults who speak the infants' home language.
D) soft music playing at naptime.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Vygotsky believed that adults should just watch babies to see how they learned.

A) True
B) False

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Describe FIVE specific adult practices that promote language development.

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1. Reading aloud: Reading to adults can ...

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Piaget described the sensorimotor stage of learning as having


A) four substages.
B) six substages.
C) six substages, of which four occur in infancy.
D) None of the answers are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A mobile should be place within an infant's visual capability,


A) about six inches.
B) about three feet.
C) about eight to twenty-four inches.
D) about two to three feet.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Midline hand coordination allows


A) babies to turn over.
B) babies to play games like patty-cake.
C) babies to pick up small objects.
D) babies to feed themselves.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Adults use "parentese" when talking to babies when they do all EXCEPT


A) pitch their tones higher.
B) enunciate clearly and distinctly.
C) talk baby talk.
D) speak more slowly.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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C

Restricting physical movement or sensory exploration in infancy has absolutely no effect on cognitive learning.

A) True
B) False

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Materials suitable for exploration by a baby who uses the palmar grasp are all EXCEPT


A) soft balls.
B) hand puppets.
C) bead necklaces.
D) busy boxes with knobs and dials.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Vygotsky's theory about the ZPD means that adults should


A) show infants how to do something new.
B) let babies repeat the same activities until they are well established.
C) see if babies are meeting developmental guidelines.
D) help babies in whatever ways they need to succeed in a new, slightly harder, task than they have tried before.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When infants begin to coo and babble, effective adults


A) ignore these sounds until real words develop.
B) reinforce these sounds by some kind of verbal response.
C) reinforce these sounds by some kind of nonverbal response.
D) begin to talk baby talk to them.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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B

Receptive language refers to language spoken by the child.

A) True
B) False

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Teaching sign language is appropriate


A) only for babies with hearing impairments.
B) only for babies whose first language is not English.
C) only for babies of deaf parents.
D) for any infants.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Language that is produced by an infant is called


A) expressive language.
B) receptive language.
C) native language.
D) None of the answers are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Discuss how you would introduce an infant to picture books.

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Introducing an infant to picture books can be a wonderful way to start building their love for reading and storytelling. Here are a few tips on how to do so: 1. Choose age-appropriate books: Look for board books with simple, colorful illustrations and minimal text. Books with high-contrast images are especially engaging for infants, as their developing eyesight responds well to bold patterns and colors. 2. Create a cozy reading environment: Find a comfortable spot where you and your infant can snuggle up together with the book. This could be a cozy chair, a soft rug, or even just a spot on the bed. Make sure the lighting is gentle and the surroundings are quiet to minimize distractions. 3. Engage all the senses: As you read, encourage your infant to touch and explore the book. Point out different objects in the pictures and describe them using simple, repetitive language. Let your infant hold the book, turn the pages, and feel the textures of the illustrations. 4. Make it interactive: Use different voices, facial expressions, and gestures to bring the story to life. Encourage your infant to babble, coo, and make sounds in response to the pictures and your storytelling. This helps them develop language skills and a love for storytelling. 5. Be patient and consistent: Infants have short attention spans, so don't be discouraged if they seem more interested in chewing on the book than listening to the story. Keep the reading sessions short and sweet, and try to make it a daily routine. Over time, your infant will come to associate books with comfort, joy, and bonding time with you. By following these tips, you can help your infant develop a positive association with picture books and set the stage for a lifelong love of reading.

Object permanence develops around


A) six to eight months.
B) eight to ten months.
C) one year.
D) no set time.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Discuss and give examples for FOUR of the principles for adults supporting infant cognitive development.

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1. Sensory Stimulation: Adults can suppo...

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