A) the inflation rate always increases over time.
B) we always have inflation.
C) it is more difficult to forecast inflation over longer periods of time.
D) investors are more focused on nominal returns than real returns.
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Multiple Choice
A) 4%.
B) 5%.
C) 6%.
D) 1%.
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Multiple Choice
A) the yield curve usually is inverted so it reflects a growing economy.
B) the yield curve seldom is inverted and can signal an economic slowdown.
C) investors are expecting higher short-term rates in the future, and this usually signals an economic slowdown.
D) inverted yield curves signal better economic times are expected.
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Multiple Choice
A) Interest rates are expected to rise in the future.
B) Investors expect an economic slowdown.
C) Investors are indifferent between bonds with different time horizons.
D) The term spread has increased.
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Multiple Choice
A) all interest from owning bonds is taxed.
B) all governments (federal, state, municipal) tax bonds similarly.
C) some bond interest is exempt from some government taxation, so after tax returns across bonds can vary considerably.
D) only U.S. Treasury bonds are tax-exempt, so investors should always seek higher returns from other bonds.
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Multiple Choice
A) state income tax but not federal.
B) from federal income tax but not state.
C) both state and federal income taxes.
D) from city income taxes.
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Multiple Choice
A) vary directly with economic growth.
B) show no variation over the business cycle.
C) vary inversely with economic growth.
D) be uncorrelated with economic growth.
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Multiple Choice
A) become more upward sloping.
B) become flat.
C) be negative.
D) be vertical.
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Multiple Choice
A) cities only.
B) the U.S. Treasury, but the proceeds can only be used by cities.
C) states and cities, but their interest is taxable only at the federal level.
D) states and cities and their interest is exempt from U.S. government taxation.
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