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Exam 15: Populations, Cities, and the Environment

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Question 1

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Anti-Malthusians believe that Thomas Malthus could not have envisioned the many modern developments that impact population demographics.What is it that the anti-Malthusians worry about?

A) Populations will begin to decline.
B) Populations will spiral out of control, far outstripping the supply of food.
C) Populations in the industrial world will grow faster and faster.
D) Populations in the less industrialized world will continue to grow quickly.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Question 2

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The shift of large segments of the population away from the urban core and toward the edges of cities is called:

A) social ecology.
B) urban deforestation.
C) civil inattention.
D) suburbanization.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Question 3

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Which of the following would be an example of a "positive check" on population growth?

On July 1,1908,Theodore Roosevelt signed legislation that created forty-five national forests.Roosevelt was a passionate hunter and believed that all the game in America would soon be gone unless something was done to preserve some wild areas.To which era of the environmental movement does this goal belong?

How is urban density measured?

What is environmental justice?

The process by which members of a group individually conclude that nothing is wrong because they observe that no one else seems to be worried is called:

In countries where ________ has happened,there no longer is a "natural increase" in population.

The net migration rate is the:

During the Great Depression in the 1930s,huge numbers of dispossessed U.S.farmers left places like Oklahoma and moved to California.This is an example of:

Garrett Hardin believes that "a 'just' sharing of the world's wealth among all the inhabitants,without coercive control of individual reproduction,would result in a continual,exponential growth of the human population" and much more suffering.This means Hardin is a:

Chris McCandless lived on his own in the wilderness because he felt constrained and betrayed by a society that cared so little for its individual members.What term describes the attitude to which McCandless objected?

If the California legislature passes a bill designed to make people live in tighter,denser spaces,what problem is it attempting to combat?

The birth rate in Italy is much lower than it was in the past,with the average woman now expected to bear about 1.3 children,far fewer children than are needed to replace two parents.What might this lead to?

People who use violent or criminal methods to disrupt or destroy businesses or organizations that they believe are harming the environment are called:

In the early 1900s,what percentage of Americans lived in cities?

Which analytic subfield within the sociology of the environment do you think best explains how the greenhouse effect came into being? Justify your answer.

factories that produce noxious levels of pollution and toxic waste dumps are often located near areas where minorities and the poor reside.Which of the following terms could be used to describe this situation?

The "green revolution" refers to a major transformation in agriculture that occurred in the twentieth century and resulted in an explosion in food production.for example,plant biologists bred wheat that had much shorter stalks and carried more wheat on top without falling over.What effect would you expect this to have on global demographics?

Which of the following is a basic demographic variable?