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One difference between water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins is that ____.


A) fat-soluble vitamins outnumber water-soluble vitamins.
B) in large amounts, water-soluble vitamins can be more toxic than fat-soluble vitamins.
C) fat-soluble vitamins are easier for the body to excrete.
D) water-soluble vitamins need to be consumed more frequently than fat-soluble vitamins
E) fat-soluble vitamins need to be consumed more frequently than water-soluble vitamins.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Vitamins can readily be destroyed during processing because _____.


A) they are precursors
B) they contain nitrogen
C) they are organic
D) they support growth
E) they support digestion.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Because of the way in which the body handles folate, a folate deficiency can occur if ___________.


A) the GI tract is injured
B) intrinsic factor is lacking
C) the pancreas is injured
D) part of the stomach has been removed
E) anemia exists.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Of these foods, which one is the best source of folate per kcalorie?


A) strawberries
B) asparagus
C) fortified cornflakes
D) eggs
E) peanut butter

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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How long can it take for the symptoms of vitamin B 12 symptoms to develop, if a person, say a new vegetarian, was to suddenly stop eating animal products?


A) 1 week
B) 1 month
C) several months
D) 1 year
E) several years

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The bioavailability of vitamins in food ____.


A) depends on many factors, such as how the food was prepared
B) is easy to determine
C) refers to a vitamin's molecular structure
D) refers to the number of neutrons in the cells of vitamins
E) is the ratio of vitamin intake to calorie intake

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The term for the amount of niacin present in food-including the niacin that can theoretically be made from its precursor, tryptophan, present in the food-is ____________________.

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The coenzyme form of niacin is central to the metabolism of _____.


A) amino acids
B) glucose
C) vitamin E
D) vitamin C
E) lactose

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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About what percentage of U.S. adults take a multivitamin-mineral supplement regularly?


A) 20
B) 30
C) 50
D) 60
E) 65

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Of these foods, which is NOT a good source of folate?


A) milk
B) legumes
C) breakfast cereals
D) green, leafy vegetables
E) fruits

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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From what does v itamin C protects tissues?


A) lean body mass loss
B) aches and pains
C) water loss from tissues
D) oxidative stress of free radicals
E) neurological s tress

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Explain what dietary folate equivalents are.

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The bioavailability of folate differs de...

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Which of the following is a symptom of riboflavin deficiency?


A) edema
B) diarrhea
C) constipation
D) anemia
E) purplish tongue

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is NOT a role of thiamin?


A) DNA synthesis
B) conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA
C) ATP production
D) energy metabolism
E) participation in the TCA cycle

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Of these foods, which is an unusual but best source of thiamin?


A) sunflower seeds
B) tuna
C) eggs
D) soy milk
E) cheddar cheese

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which federal agency regulates dietary supplements?


A) U.S. Department of Agriculture
B) U.S. Public Health Service
C) Centers for Disease Control
D) Food and Drug Administration
E) Federal Trade Commission

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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With which B vitamin does folate have a close relationship?


A) biotin
B) thiamin
C) vitamin B 6
D) ascorbic acid
E) vitamin B 12

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which type of supplement is particularly toxic and has caused deaths in children?


A) iron supplements
B) calcium supplements
C) vitamin E supplements
D) vitamin D supplements
E) folate supplements

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is NOT true of vitamin B 12


A) It is found almost exclusively in animal-derived foods.
B) It converts folate to its active form.
C) It helps maintain nerve cells.
D) It depends on intrinsic factor for absorption.
E) It works closely with thiamin.

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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Which of the following statements is true of choline?


A) It is sometimes referred to as vitamin H.
B) It is not a B vitamin but is grouped with the B vitamins anyway.
C) In most cases, the body can make enough choline to meet its needs.
D) Choline's only function is to make the phospholipid lecithin.
E) It is defined as a nonvitamin.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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