Question 1

Which of the following distinguishes Khorapithecus from Sivapithecus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Khorapithecus's molars are more similar to those of living chimpanzees than Sivapithecus's molars are.
B)  Whereas Khorapithecus lived in the area now known as France and Spain,Sivapithecus lived in Thailand.
C)  Khoratpithecus's broad front teeth and a flat surface on the tongue side of the canines make it more similar than Sivapithecus to living orangutans.
D)  Sivapithecus has dental features making it more similar to modern orangutans,while Khorapithecus has postcranial bones that most closely resemble modern chimpanzees.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

What is probably the reason that apes went extinct in southern Europe (including France,Spain,Italy,and Greece) during the late Miocene?

Accepted Answer

A)  a meteor impact
B)  a disease pandemic
C)  climate change
D)  early humans hunting them for foodE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

If you are examining the fossil remains of the genus Dryopithecus,they are most likely from where?

Accepted Answer

A)  India
B)  Bolivia
C)  France
D)  ChinaE) A) and B)
F) None of the above C

Question 4

How is a species that is adapted to a wide range of environments,climates,and diets described?

Accepted Answer

A)  as highly specialized
B)  as likely to undergo further evolution
C)  as biologically diverse
D)  as likely to go extinctE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

What are basal anthropoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paleocene primates that may have been the first anthropoids
B)  Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates
C)  Eocene organisms that may have been the first primates
D)  Eocene primates that are the earliest anthropoidsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record,around when is it estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 mya
B)  10 mya
C)  15 mya
D)  25 myaE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which genus is considered the ancestor to adapids and omomyids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Notharctus
B)  Proconsul
C)  Carpolestes
D)  EosimiasE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 8

During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic era,there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?

Accepted Answer

A)  prosimians
B)  monkeys
C)  apes
D)  humansE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

What were Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  adapids
B)  proconsulids
C)  dryopithecids
D)  plesiadapiformsE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

There are both early African and early Asian candidates representing the origin of Anthropoids.Why haven't anthropologists conclusively determined which of these continents is where anthropoids originated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although the African fossil primate Biretia is older than the Asian fossil primate Eosimas,Biretia's features are less clearly anthropoid in nature.
B)  The dating of both the African fossil primate Biretia and the Asian fossil primate Eosimas is so uncertain that they could easily reverse in age with more research.
C)  The fossil primate record of Asia and Africa during the Eocene is so murky that discovery of new fossils that will rewrite early anthropoid history is very likely.
D)  Because of the rapidity of evolutionary change,it will be impossible to sort out the evolution of anatomical differences among early fossil primates.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following genera did propliopithecids include?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aegyptopithecus and Micropithecus
B)  Propliopithecus and Aegyptopithecus
C)  Micropithecus and Aegyptopithecus
D)  Propliopithecus and ProconsulE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid,based on the morphology of its:

Accepted Answer

A)  ankle.
B)  skull.
C)  lower premolar tooth.
D)  pelvis.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Why is the Fayum depression in Egypt such an important site for understanding the origin and diversification of anthropoid primates?

Accepted Answer

The Fayum deposits include sediments wit...

Question 14

Which of the following have been proposed as the ancestor to the orangutan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gigantopithecus and Dryopithecus
B)  Gigantopithecus and Oreopithecus
C)  Khoratpithecus and Ouranopithecus
D)  Sivapithecus and KhoratpithecusE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Why is the early primate Branisella very likely to be an ancestor to living platyrrhines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are found in South America.
B)  They have similar incisors,eye orbits,and a flat face.
C)  They have similar dental formulae and upper molar morphology.
D)  Both are known to have prehensile tails.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

What does the angiosperm radiation hypothesis propose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primates' unique traits are an adaptation to living in trees.
B)  Primate traits arose as adaptations to preying on insects.
C)  Certain primate traits were responses to the acquisition of fruit during the Cenozoic.
D)  Primates could see predators in advance.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Discuss the selective pressures operating in the late Miocene,Pliocene,and Pleistocene that favored an adaptive radiation of monkeys and contributed to decreased diversity among apes.

Accepted Answer

The migration of primates from Africa to...

Question 18

In what way does a modern gorilla mandible resemble that of the earlier genus Dryopithecus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has sharp,high crests on the teeth and reduced canines.
B)  It has large canines but no diastema.
C)  It has a Y-5 molar pattern and highly specialized molars.
D)  It has a Y-5 molar pattern;low,rounded cusps;large canines;and a diastema.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Which Eocene organisms had clear primate characteristics like a postorbital bar,opposable thumbs,nails,and a large brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  proprimates and euprimates
B)  adapids and omomyids
C)  basal anthropoids
D)  plesiadapiformsE) All of the above
F) B) and D) B

Question 20

Which of the following groups of early primates had the most biological diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eosimias
B)  Proconsul
C)  Dryopithecus
D)  OreopithecusE) All of the above
F) A) and B) B

Exam 9: Primate Origins and Evolution: The First 50 Million Years

Which of the following distinguishes Khorapithecus from Sivapithecus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is probably the reason that apes went extinct in southern Europe (including France,Spain,Italy,and Greece) during the late Miocene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you are examining the fossil remains of the genus Dryopithecus,they are most likely from where?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

How is a species that is adapted to a wide range of environments,climates,and diets described?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are basal anthropoids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record,around when is it estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which genus is considered the ancestor to adapids and omomyids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic era,there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What were Paleocene organisms that may have been the first primates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are both early African and early Asian candidates representing the origin of Anthropoids.Why haven't anthropologists conclusively determined which of these continents is where anthropoids originated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following genera did propliopithecids include?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The northern African fossil primate called Biretia may be an early anthropoid,based on the morphology of its:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the Fayum depression in Egypt such an important site for understanding the origin and diversification of anthropoid primates?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe Fayum deposits include sediments wit...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following have been proposed as the ancestor to the orangutan?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the early primate Branisella very likely to be an ancestor to living platyrrhines?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the angiosperm radiation hypothesis propose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the selective pressures operating in the late Miocene,Pliocene,and Pleistocene that favored an adaptive radiation of monkeys and contributed to decreased diversity among apes.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe migration of primates from Africa to...View AnswerShow Answer

In what way does a modern gorilla mandible resemble that of the earlier genus Dryopithecus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which Eocene organisms had clear primate characteristics like a postorbital bar,opposable thumbs,nails,and a large brain?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following groups of early primates had the most biological diversity?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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The Fayum deposits include sediments wit...
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The migration of primates from Africa to...
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B

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B