Question 1

The name Urochordata means literally

Accepted Answer

A)   "tail chordates."
B)   "head chordates."
C)   "kidney chordates."
D)   "tunic chordates."
E)   "larval swimmer."F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Reproduction in sea squirts is

Accepted Answer

A)   asexual, with new individuals budding off the adults.
B)   hermaphroditic with internal fertilization.
C)   hermaphroditic with external fertilization.
D)   with separate sexes and internal fertilization.
E)   with separate sexes and external fertilization.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 3

The extant group likely to be the most closely related to the basal chordates are the echinoderms because

Accepted Answer

A)   there is direct fossil evidence for a lineage from sea stars to tunicates.
B)   tunicates are advanced echinoderms.
C)   early embryonic development of echinoderms is similar to that of chordates.
D)   although there are few similarities between echinoderms and chordates, there are even fewer between chordates and any other group.
E)   new molecular evidence shows they are nearly identical at the rRNA level.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

Larval and adult tunicates look virtually nothing alike.How can you explain this dramatic metamorphosis in evolutionary terms?

Accepted Answer

The dramatic metamorphosis from larval t...

Question 5

The earliest known vertebrate fossil,from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia,is an amphioxus-like creature called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The earliest known vertebrate fossil,from the Burgess...

Question 6

The perforated pharynx of chordates first evolved as a device for

Accepted Answer

A)   support.
B)   respiration.
C)   suspension or filterfeeding.
D)   detecting odors.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

The central definition of a monophyletic group focuses on:

Accepted Answer

A)   Do we have evidence of transitional fossils in the geological record?
B)   Do we have the majority of species described in each higher taxon?
C)   Are all of the species described actually real species?
D)   Do all higher taxa contain all known descendants of their single common ancestor?
E)   Do all of the taxa fit into the seven ranks of the Linnaean taxonomic hierarchy?F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

In both tunicates and cephalochordates,the ventral side of the branchial sac contains a ciliated,mucus-secreting groove,the ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In both tunicates and cephalochordates,the ventral side...

Question 9

Walter Garstang's hypothesis of vertebrate evolution could be described as the

Accepted Answer

A)   annelid-vertebrate hypothesis.
B)   echinoderm-vertebrate hypothesis.
C)   amphioxus-vertebrate hypothesis.
D)   ascidian larva-vertebrate hypothesis.
E)   ammocoete larva-vertebrate hypothesis.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Pelagic tunicates with barrel-shaped bodies and complex life histories belong to the class _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pelagic tunicates with barrel-shaped bodies and complex...

Question 11

The development of a new vertebrate head was largely the result of two embryonic innovations: the neural crest and _________ ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The development of a new vertebrate head...

Question 12

Outline the five chordate features.What is the fate of the endostyle in the higher vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

The five chordate features are key chara...

Question 13

The ammocoete larvae is important in zoology since it

Accepted Answer

A)   is the "missing link" between chordates and vertebrates.
B)   represents the features of the most advanced chordate that is not a vertebrate.
C)   represents the features of the first vertebrates that are not obscured by advanced vertebrate development.
D)   is identical to the earliest Burgess shale fossil vertebrate.
E)   possesses all features found in derived vertebrates, and evolution from this point forward was a matter of losing different features.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 14

The skeletal rod found in all chordates is called a _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The skeletal rod found in all chordates...

Question 15

The larva of the freshwater lamprey,that closely resembles the amphioxus lancelet,is the

Accepted Answer

A)   Ammocoete.
B)   Branchiostoma.
C)   Cephalaspidomorph.
D)   Heterostracan.
E)   Ostracoderm.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

The lancelet reproduces

Accepted Answer

A)   by asexual processes alone.
B)   by budding.
C)   sexually with both sex organs on the same organism, similar to earthworms.
D)   sexually but with separate sexes and internal fertilization.
E)   sexually but with separate sexes and external fertilization.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Are the jawless ostracoderms a real taxon (that is,are they a monophyletic group)?

Accepted Answer

Ostracoderms are an extinct group of jaw...

Question 18

A dorsal tubular nerve cord is

Accepted Answer

A)   another name for the notochord.
B)   a strip of cartilage that forms a back and tail.
C)   primitive tissue that forms bone vertebrae.
D)   an early nerve cord that enlarges at one end to form the brain and also extends through vertebrae.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

While several invertebrate groups (phyla)have in the past been proposed as chordate ancestors,embryological evidence indicates the chordates are most probably a sister group to the _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While several invertebrate groups (phyla)have in the...

Question 20

What feature(s) can be found in the ammocoete that are lacking in amphioxus,that are found in vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)   A true liver with a gallbladder
B)   A two-chambered heart
C)   A three-part brain
D)   Eyes, nostrils, and auditory vesicles
E)   All of the choices are ammocoete features lacking in the amphioxus lanceletF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Exam 23: Chordates

Reproduction in sea squirts is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The perforated pharynx of chordates first evolved as a device for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The development of a new vertebrate head was largely the result of two embryonic innovations: the neural crest and _________ ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dorsal tubular nerve cord is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pelagic tunicates with barrel-shaped bodies and complex life histories belong to the class _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Outline the five chordate features.What is the fate of the endostyle in the higher vertebrates?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe five chordate features are key chara...View AnswerShow Answer

The skeletal rod found in all chordates is called a _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Walter Garstang's hypothesis of vertebrate evolution could be described as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central definition of a monophyletic group focuses on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ammocoete larvae is important in zoology since it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Larval and adult tunicates look virtually nothing alike.How can you explain this dramatic metamorphosis in evolutionary terms?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe dramatic metamorphosis from larval t...View AnswerShow Answer

The earliest known vertebrate fossil,from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia,is an amphioxus-like creature called _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What feature(s) can be found in the ammocoete that are lacking in amphioxus,that are found in vertebrates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The name Urochordata means literally

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In both tunicates and cephalochordates,the ventral side of the branchial sac contains a ciliated,mucus-secreting groove,the ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The larva of the freshwater lamprey,that closely resembles the amphioxus lancelet,is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Are the jawless ostracoderms a real taxon (that is,are they a monophyletic group)?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIOstracoderms are an extinct group of jaw...View AnswerShow Answer

While several invertebrate groups (phyla)have in the past been proposed as chordate ancestors,embryological evidence indicates the chordates are most probably a sister group to the _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lancelet reproduces

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The extant group likely to be the most closely related to the basal chordates are the echinoderms because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The development of a new vertebrate head was largely the result of two embryonic innovations: the neural crest and _ ___.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The five chordate features are key chara...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The dramatic metamorphosis from larval t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Ostracoderms are an extinct group of jaw...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified